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| − | [File:Lunokhod 1 (high resolution).jpg|thumb|200px|[[Lunokhod 1]] (lit. ''moonwalker''), the first successful lunar rover.]] |
+ | [[File:Lunokhod 1 (high resolution).jpg|thumb|200px|[[Lunokhod 1]] (lit. ''moonwalker''), the first successful lunar rover.]] |
[[File:Apollo15LunarRover.jpg|right|thumb|200px|The [[Apollo 15]] Lunar Roving Vehicle on the Moon in 1971.]] |
[[File:Apollo15LunarRover.jpg|right|thumb|200px|The [[Apollo 15]] Lunar Roving Vehicle on the Moon in 1971.]] |
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[[File:Apollo 17- Lunar Roving Vehicle and Eugene Cernan.jpg|thumb|200px|The [[Apollo 17]] [[Lunar Roving Vehicle]] on the Moon in 1972.]] |
[[File:Apollo 17- Lunar Roving Vehicle and Eugene Cernan.jpg|thumb|200px|The [[Apollo 17]] [[Lunar Roving Vehicle]] on the Moon in 1972.]] |
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===Lunokhod 2=== |
===Lunokhod 2=== |
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Lunokhod 2 (Луноход, moon walker in Russian) was the second of two unmanned lunar rovers landed on the Moon by the Soviet Union as part of the Lunokhod program. |
Lunokhod 2 (Луноход, moon walker in Russian) was the second of two unmanned lunar rovers landed on the Moon by the Soviet Union as part of the Lunokhod program. |
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The Luna 21 spacecraft landed on the Moon and deployed the second Soviet lunar rover (Lunokhod 2) in January, 1973.[1] The primary objectives of the mission were to collect images of the lunar surface, examine ambient light levels to determine the feasibility of astronomical observations from the Moon, perform laser ranging experiments from Earth, observe solar X-rays, measure local magnetic fields, and study the soil mechanics of the lunar surface material.{{cn|date=August 2012}} |
The Luna 21 spacecraft landed on the Moon and deployed the second Soviet lunar rover (Lunokhod 2) in January, 1973.[1] The primary objectives of the mission were to collect images of the lunar surface, examine ambient light levels to determine the feasibility of astronomical observations from the Moon, perform laser ranging experiments from Earth, observe solar X-rays, measure local magnetic fields, and study the soil mechanics of the lunar surface material.{{cn|date=August 2012}} |
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|date=2008-04-04 |
|date=2008-04-04 |
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|publisher=Wired |
|publisher=Wired |
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| − | |url= http://www.wired.com/gadgetlab/2008/04/snakes-rovers-a/}}</ref> |
+ | |url= http://www.wired.com/gadgetlab/2008/04/snakes-rovers-a/}}</ref> It is being developed by the [[Robotics Institute]] of [[Carnegie Mellon University]], supported by [[NASA]]. |
===Space Exploration Vehicle=== |
===Space Exploration Vehicle=== |
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{{Main|Space Exploration Vehicle}} |
{{Main|Space Exploration Vehicle}} |
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| − | The SEV is a proposed successor to the original [[Lunar Roving Vehicle]] from the [[Apollo program|Apollo]] missions. It combines a living module, as it has a pressurized cabin containing a small bathroom and space for 2 astronauts |
+ | The SEV is a proposed successor to the original [[Lunar Roving Vehicle]] from the [[Apollo program|Apollo]] missions. It combines a living module, as it has a pressurized cabin containing a small bathroom and space for 2 astronauts (4 in case of emergency), and a small truck. |
==See also== |
==See also== |
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==References== |
==References== |
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{{Reflist}} |
{{Reflist}} |
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[[Category:Lunar rovers| ]] |
[[Category:Lunar rovers| ]] |
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[[Category:Off-road vehicles]] |
[[Category:Off-road vehicles]] |
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Revision as of 09:37, 9 October 2012
.jpg){kind=link}
Lunokhod 1 (lit. moonwalker), the first successful lunar rover.
The Apollo 15 Lunar Roving Vehicle on the Moon in 1971.
The Apollo 17 Lunar Roving Vehicle on the Moon in 1972.
A Lunar Rover or Moon Rover is a space exploration vehicle designed to move across the surface of the Moon. Some rovers have been designed to transport members of a human spaceflight crew, such as the Apollo Lunar Roving Vehicle; others have been partially or fully autonomous robots, such as Lunokhod 1.
History
Lunokhod 1
- Main article: Lunokhod 1
Lunokhod 1 was the first of two unmanned lunar rovers landed on the Moon by the Soviet Union as part of its Lunokhod program. The spacecraft which carried Lunokhod 1 was named Luna 17. Lunokhod was the first roving remote-controlled robot to land on another celestial body.
Lunokhod 1 held the durability record for space rovers for more than 30 years, until a new record was set by the Mars Exploration Rovers.[citation needed]
Lunokhod 2
Lunokhod 2 (Луноход, moon walker in Russian) was the second of two unmanned lunar rovers landed on the Moon by the Soviet Union as part of the Lunokhod program. The Luna 21 spacecraft landed on the Moon and deployed the second Soviet lunar rover (Lunokhod 2) in January, 1973.[1] The primary objectives of the mission were to collect images of the lunar surface, examine ambient light levels to determine the feasibility of astronomical observations from the Moon, perform laser ranging experiments from Earth, observe solar X-rays, measure local magnetic fields, and study the soil mechanics of the lunar surface material.[citation needed]
Apollo Lunar Roving Vehicle
- Main article: Apollo Lunar Roving Vehicle
The Lunar Roving Vehicle (LRV) was a battery-powered four-wheeled rover used on the Moon during the last three missions of the American Apollo program (15, 16, and 17) during 1971 and 1972. It was popularly known as the moon buggy, a play on the phrase "dune buggy".[citation needed]
The LRV could carry one or two astronauts, their equipment, and lunar samples.
Proposed lunar rover missions
Chang'e 3
- Main article: Chang'e 3
Chang'e 3 is a Chinese lunar rover under development and scheduled for launch in 2013.[citation needed] It will be China's first lunar rover, part of the second phase of the Chinese Lunar Exploration Program undertaken by China National Space Administration (CNSA).[citation needed]
Chandrayaan-II
- Main article: Chandrayaan II
The Chandrayaan II mission is the first lunar rover mission by India, consisting of a lunar orbiter and a lunar lander. An opportunity was given to students to design this rover. 150 students submitted their designs but only 6 were selected. They gave a demonstration in NRSA and are going to ISRO. The Russian designed rover weighs 50 kg, will have six wheels and will be running on solar power. It will land near one of the poles and will operate for a year, roving up to 150 km at a maximum speed of 360 m/h. The proposed launch date of the mission is 2014.[citation needed]
ATHLETE
- Main article: ATHLETE
.jpg){kind=link}
The ATHLETE rover in a test facility at JPL. Taken August, 2008.
NASA's plans for future moon missions call for rovers that have a far longer range than the Apollo rovers.[1]
The All-Terrain Hex-Legged Extra-Terrestrial Explorer (ATHLETE) is a six-legged robotic lunar rover test-bed under development by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL). ATHLETE is a testbed for systems and is designed for use on the Moon.[2]
The system is in development along with NASA's Johnson and Ames Centers, Stanford University and Boeing.[3]
ATHLETE is designed, for maximum efficiency, to be able to both roll and walk over a wide range of terrains.[2]
Scarab
- Main article: Scarab (rover)
Scarab is a new generation lunar rover designed to assist astronauts take rock and mineral samples and explore the lunar surface.[4][5] It is being developed by the Robotics Institute of Carnegie Mellon University, supported by NASA.
Space Exploration Vehicle
- Main article: Space Exploration Vehicle
The SEV is a proposed successor to the original Lunar Roving Vehicle from the Apollo missions. It combines a living module, as it has a pressurized cabin containing a small bathroom and space for 2 astronauts (4 in case of emergency), and a small truck.
See also
- Google Lunar X Prize
- Rover (space exploration)
- Exploration of the Moon
- Robotic exploration of the Moon
References
- ↑ NASA's Space Exploration Vehicle (SEV)
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 The ATHLETE Rover. JPL (2010-02-25).
- ↑ The ATHLETE Rover. NASA (2010-02-25).
- ↑ NASA Day on the Hill. NASA.
- ↑ Snakes, Rovers and Googly Eyes: New Robot Masters Take Many Forms. Wired (2008-04-04).